Mental Illness Is A Social Problem Essay - 1864 Words

This essay will analyse the statement â€Å"Mental illness is a social problem†. This essay will discuss the sociological perspective of mental health within the chosen concept of gender. The main aim of this essay is to discuss and debate ‘for’ mental illness is a social problem within the different gender roles. Gender is not only male and female, it also includes lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and intersexual. In Australia there is a very large community of LGBTI. This concept will be analysed by using theoretical and sociological perspectives along with the structure-agency debate. Also the biomedical and social model s role in relation to the issue. This will help support the statement that ‘mental illness is a social problem’. It is not logical to solely to blame society for all mental illness’ however, it is a strong contributor. This essay will also explore the social contributor to the high rate of mental illness sufferers in Aust ralia. Also, the general consensus and attitude toward individuals with mental health and the ways that mental illnesses are stitgmatised in Australia and each of its states and territories. Mental illness according to the Northern Territories legal jurisdiction is â€Å"a condition that seriously impairs, either temporarily or permanently, the mental functioning of a person in one or more of the areas of thought, mood, violation, perception, orientation or memory and is characterized by having at least one of the following symptoms present:Show MoreRelatedMental Illness Is A Social Problem1501 Words   |  7 PagesMental illness is a health condition that affects an individual’s moods and thinking in a way that changes how that person relates to other people in society. The functioning of the affected person is also altered and usually results in the person failing to perform some of the daily activities that the person has previously engaged in. Mental illness can be co nsidered a combination of both social and health complications, affecting the social life of the people who fall victim in many ways (ElliottRead MoreMental Illness As A Social Problem982 Words   |  4 PagesMental Illness as a Social Problem Introduction Mental illness is a turmoil that is portrayed by unsettling influences in a man s idea, feelings, or conduct. Emotional instability alludes to a wide assortment of scatters, running from those that bring about gentle misery to those that impede a man s capacity to work in day by day life. Numerous have attempted to make sense of the purposes behind emotional instabilities. These reasons have been taken a gander at and considered for a great manyRead MoreMental Illness : A Social Problem1290 Words   |  6 PagesIntroducing Mental Illness The social problem I have chosen to write about is mental illness. This problem is important to talk about â€Å"because of the number of people it affects, the difficulty of defining and identifying mental disorders, and the ways in which mental illness is treated† (Kendall, 2013, p. 227). â€Å"About 57.7 million people, or one in four adults, in the United States suffer from a diagnosable mental disorder† (Kendall, 2013, p. 229). â€Å"Many of these illnesses begin in childhood orRead MoreSocial Problems Of Alcoholism, Drug Addiction, And Mental Illness818 Words   |  4 Pageswhole new understanding of different social problems. The variety of social problems presented introduced me to a couple of social problems I had not given much thought to before. It also surprised me that every person in the class knew at least one person that had been affected by a certain social problem. Through the solutions presented in these presentations, I have gained knowledge of I can personally help eliminate some aspects of different social problems. The three presentations I believedRead Morethis is a college paper on MENTAL ILLNESS AS A SOCIAL PROBLEM3884 Words   |  16 PagesTable of Contents I.Overview of Mental Illness A.Statistics and Aspects of Mental Illness .......................................p.1 II.Mental Illness in Depth A.Historical Background of Mental Illness .....................................p.4 B.Cost of Mental Illness in Society ..............................................p.6 C.Stigma of Mental Illness in Society ...........................................p.9 D.Treatment of Mental Illness as a Social Problem ..........................p.11 Read MoreVeteran Mental Illness and System Justification Theory1461 Words   |  6 PagesVeteran Mental Illness and System Justification Theory Rates of mental illness are rising among Veterans returning from Iraq and Afghanistan. This social problem has had significant consequences, such as spikes in homelessness, unemployment and suicides in this population. Many argue there are too many barriers to mental health treatment in a society that stigmatizes mental illness and undervalues mental health care. Research supports this assertion, particularly within the Veteran population (Greene-ShortridgeRead MoreWhat Is The Mental Health? Essay1628 Words   |  7 PagesWhat is the mental health? Mental health embraces emotional, psychological, and social well-being. It has an effect on thinking, feeling, and acting. It also helps to define how people handle stress and make choices. Mental health is momentous through the stages of life, from childhood and adolescence via adulthood. In the life, if someone experience mental health problems, it has an effect on thinking, behaviour, and mood. Many causes contribute to mental health problems, containing: Life experiencesRead More The Social Model of Mental Illness Essay1337 Words   |  6 PagesThe Social Model of Mental Illness The social model of mental illness emphasizes the social environment and the roles people play. Thomas Scheff maintains that people diagnosed as mentally ill are victims of the status quo, guilty of often unnamed violations of social norms; thus the label mental illness can be used as an instrument of social control. I agree with Scheffs analysis, and I strongly concur with the view Thomas Szasz takes on the notion of mental illness. Szasz argues that muchRead MoreArticle Review on Mental Illness Essay examples1007 Words   |  5 Pagesthe Stigma of Mental Illness.† It is a not new concept that people are consistently drawn to a labeling others with a stigma, and this article delves into how we as social workers can (unintentionally) either encourage that stigma or hinder it based on the presentation to the client and to the public. A key point to the article talks about three kinds of potential ways stigma hurts a client. The first was being label avoidance. Many people do not want to admit to a mental illness, let alone getRead MoreVulnerable Populations - Human Services1683 Words   |  7 Pageslife to manage the illness. Examples of such illnesses are diabetes, high blood pressure, or heart disease. When discussing chronic mental illness, such diseases or disorders would be those that require ongoing treatment and care throughout much of the patients’ life. Examples would be schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, chronic anxiety disorder or attention deficit hyperactive disorder as well as many other specific forms of mental illness. Individuals suffering from chronic mental illnesses are part

Me as a Writer - 940 Words

As a writer, I think that I am not as good as I thought I was back in high school. I see myself as a student who tries their best, but makes â€Å"B† average work. I have never really taken the time to relate to my papers. I always just wrote what the teacher wanted and handed it in. In my mind, I never really liked trying to explain in full detail what something meant. Back in high school, my teachers always wanted me to explain my writing in such depth that a kindergartener would understand why Romeo and Juliet is a tragedy. Trying to explain my writing was always very tiring. I often would get bored trying to explain and just stop writing and do something else for a while. Most of the time in high school I didn’t like writing. Mainly†¦show more content†¦One way to calm my inner critic is a quote from Allegra Goodman’s article called Calming the Inner Critic and Getting to Work on page 309. â€Å"Love your material. Nothing frightens the inner critic more than the writer who loves her work. The writer who is enamored of her material forgets all about censoring herself. She doesn’t stop to wonder if her book is any good, or who will publish it, or what people will think. She writes in a trance, losing track of time, hearing only her characters in her head.† What this means to me is that if I truly let my mind go and only focus on the material, I will be able to write the paper without having my inner critic confuse me. In an article called The Composing Processes of Unskilled College Writers by Sondra Pearl on page 201, there is a strategy that I used to help with writing a paper. â€Å"Given any topic, the first operation he performed was to focus in and narrow down the topic. He did this by rephrasing the topic until either a word or an idea in the topic linked up with something in his own experience (an attitude, an opinion, an event). In this way he established a connection between the field of discourse and h imself and at this point he felt ready to write.† The strategy that he uses to organize his thoughts is the same way I start my papers. I start with just words that relate to the topic and figure out how to put them in my writing so they make sense to theShow MoreRelatedJournal Entry 1 : Me, A Writer?1845 Words   |  8 PagesJournal Entry 1: Me, A Writer? Attitude: After reading chapters 1-4 in my textbook my attitude toward completing this course is optimistic. Writing has always been one of my weaker skills and I am hoping to improve my skills drastically after completing this course. I know the improvement will only come after lots of practice. Just as the common phrase says, practice makes perfect! Being required to take this course will only improve my skills. I feel like I already have a great base to build offRead MoreEnglish 101 Made Me a Better Writer761 Words   |  3 PagesI had progressed as a writer sharpening my writing skills and also learned a lot about writing that I hadn’t learned before. In my writing portfolio for this quarter I had to write an autobiography essay, a research essay, and this reflection essay to develop my writing skills better. The writing assignments were fun to do because it challenged me to work on essays of different styles that were new to me. The essay assignments helped me grow as a better writer that gave me the self-confidence andRead MoreThe Student Outcomes Have Helped Me With Developing As A Writer1392 Words   |  6 Pagesdeveloping as a writer. I learned different things with each of the assignments I submitted. I learned things like how to develop my writing and how to transition my writing to flow better together. I learned to correctly cite in text citations and I learned how to create a profile. Each of these things I will carry with me as I continue to write for various classes or other reasons in the future and they will continue to help me better myself as writer. The five student outcomes have helped me to betterRead MoreWriting About Me : A Writer And Critic Of Your Own Paper1270 Words   |  6 PagesYou know what is the hardest thing to do while writing a paper? - To be a writer and critic of your own paper because it is hard to perform both the tasks efficiently and honestly at the same time. The English class which I took spring quarte r of my freshman year at the University of California, Riverside had the major theme called â€Å" Writing about me†, where most of my writing was going to be about me. I always post about my moods, opinions and thoughts on social media such as facebook, twitter,Read MoreLiterary Narrative: What Makes Me the Writer I Am Today770 Words   |  4 Pagesbeen easy for me. For most of my life I have tried to avoid it if I can, but of course I cant avoid stuff like school forever. So for the most part all of my writing has been forced upon me. Even with the help of teachers and some helpful hints from the internet, it never got easier. But obviously I have written before and like anyone else who has written before, there must have been some sort of influence. My main influences were the books I have read, my teachers who have helped me throughout theRead MoreWhen Reflecting On What Made Me The Writer I Am Today,1672 Words   |  7 Pages When reflecting on what made me the writer I am today, my first thought was, â€Å"Well clearly, I’m a writer because I’m a reader.† As a child, I devoured all kinds of books and spent hours on exploits in different worlds, with Harry and the gang at Hogwarts, or with the Pevensie kids in Narnia. And I thought that inevitably and gradually, reading is what led me to create my own universes and stories through writing. In fact, one of my first memories associated with writing was winning third placeRead MoreHow College Composition Has Helped Me Grow Tremendously As A Writer1456 Words   |  6 Pages College Composition has helped me grow tremendously as a writer. While I am still not where I want to be as a writer, Comp 1 has given me the push in the right direction that high school never did. When I was in high school I had about a month total of grammar over those 4 years so writing was not a big part of my life at that point. Due to that, I knew coming into Co mp 1 that I would struggle to produce something worth reading at first. Through countless revisions and reflections on each paperRead MoreA Report On The Seminar On Reading And Writing Is Made Me A Better Writer, And Reader Essay1313 Words   |  6 PagesThe Blugold Seminar in Critial Reading and Writing has made me a better writer, and reader for that matter, without question. At the beginning of the year, I was not very excited about taking this class. I had written many papers in high school, why do I need a specific class for doing the exact same thing; however, I could not have been more wrong. This class has taught me many writing skills, as well as enhanced my current writing skills, that I will be able to continue to use throughout my writingRead MoreDrafting, Revising And Editing906 Words   |  4 Pagesto the writers of how to improve their paper every single time they revised it. Even though Murray talks about the techniques there still going to be writers not using all the tasks he provides, yet writers are going to feel like quitting on the writing assignment; therefore Murray gives writers tips of what to do when they feel like quitting. Murray’s advice will be useful for my essays papers because I can use the new tips for all my essays. In order for me to become a better writer, Murray’sRead MoreMy Strengths And Strengths Of My Weaknesses1162 Words   |  5 Pageshowever, the only way I made it out alive was to leave the writer I thought I was in the past. There are challenges along the way that tested my strengths and showed my weaknesses. Also, I was able to realize the type of writer I am and the writer that I am not. English 1101, teaches the elements of writing allowing studentto understand themselves as writers; with the hope that by the end of the semester the students will be stronger writers. I have reached the end of English 1101 and it has done everything

Nursing and Its Professional Guidelines-Free-Samples for Student

Question: Discuss about the Nursing and Its Professional Guidelines. Answer: Nursing is all about delivering treatment and care for individual, and beyond this it is related to care for family and community irrespective of sex, age, race, language and culture. This professional has to maintain a code of ethics and professional conduct while ensuring the quality of care delivered by them (Grace, 2017). However, nurses sometimes might face occupational hazards like depression or anxiety. Unfortunately, the rate of depressive symptoms is almost double among nurses than the general population. However, the nurses study about maintaining their health in their training courses, but often they are unable to identify the symptoms occurring to them and eventually this may lead to suicide (Mikkonen, Kyngs Kriinen 2015). It seems that mental illness like depression and other related symptoms is a subject of shame for nurses as they treat patients to recover from illness and by not addressing this, it could directly affect the profession and work, which they deliver (Parahoo, 2014). In this case-based study as one nurse is showing the symptoms of depression and suicidal tendency, there is a question of responsibility from witnessing nurse within the code of profession and ethical implications relating to this (McCarthy Gastmans, 2015). Analyzing the case study situation and making appropriate recommendation, this essay will address the co-nurses immediate action and responsibility, the way the depression affects on the work, the reasons for fitting this situation in the sections of the Australian Registered Nurse Standards for Practice and the possible ethical connection in this context (Vynckier et al., 2015). Depression is very common and extensive in nursing. Here, in this case study a nurse is continually showing symptoms of depression and has spoken of thinking about suicide. This situation should accept as a normal situation, a nurse who treats people could fall sick, physically or mentally. The main cause inherent in this case has implanted mostly on the job-related hazards and the shortage of the number of nurses globally and locally (Jahanpour et. al, 2014). The effect of depression in the nursing profession could lead to hazards in the workflow. The depressive nurse could be less motivated in her work and the depression could affect her work in a large extent. The profession seems to be challenging for nurse who is suffering in depression as in this profession one has to handle many responsibilities. This profession is related to life care services. The well-being and positive attitudes of the nurses and healthcare professionals helps the patients effectively to recover from illne ss. However, if a nurse constantly poses depressive attitudes it would definitely affect the mental conditions of the patients, which eventually influence his physical health, as it is known that recovery depends upon the mental health too. The depressive symptoms and attitudes of the nursing professionals could make her forget about the schedules of applied medication for the patients, as one of the major characteristics of depression is anxiety. The night shift seems to be very difficult for them who suffer in depression, as sleep disorder is the common outcome of depression. Even the depressive nurse cannot provide full concentration on her work and any kind of damage or accident could happen in her working environment (Stuart, 2014). The life is on the hand of nurses. The depression leads to discouragement in the nursing profession and other nurses could easily be influenced by it. However, as the depression rate is very high among nurse, the influencing factors could normally a ffect the others. The nurse suffering from depression could show any kind of disability in her profession. It might that she could not handle the stressful condition, which is very common in the profession. The depressive nurse could lose the productivity of her work and that will directly affect the care and service, which she expects to provide. It is shown in the study that there is also a high rate of occupational burnout among nurses, almost 18%, which also increases the rate of depression (Simmonds, 2013). The nurse suffering in the case study is affected by occupational stress. There is a high chance that her reason of depression is related to her job. This happened for most of the nurses or else she has other personal reasons or may be both, which continually dragging her to the mental illness like depression and suicidal tendencies. If a colleague nurse shows the symptoms of depression and mentions thinking about suicide to a co-nurse, the immediate action of the witnessing nurse is to make her convinced for consulting a mental healthcare professional and take actions accordingly. It is part of responsibility of the witnessing nurse to pay attention to other co-nurses problems and offer help (Simmonds, 2013). The witnessing nurse even helps the sufferer to identify the factors behind her depression by providing her proper counseling and medical help. If her reason of depression has been evolved from her occupational hazards, the witnessing nurse should suggest her to undertake some stress management program if offered by the hospital or any private institution. Otherwise, the depression could directly affect the quality of care-centric service and the capacities of practice of the job. It is the responsibility of the witnessing nurse to provide relevant information and way out regarding depression to the co-nurse (Masters, 2015). Otherwise, the depression could damage the work of a nursing professional and it would affect the working environment where depressed nurse and witnessing nurse both are involved. According to the Registered Nurse Standards for Practice in Australia, the registered nurses are bound to provide clinical care to any health related disability to any individual, family, group, community, co-workers and other healthcare professional (O'connell, Gardner Coyer, 2014). This can be both physical and mental. In this particular case, as the witnessing nurse is observing the symptoms of depression to a co-nurse, the witnessing nurse has the responsibility to respond to the problem. Nursing is not only about providing treatment to the patients who has come to a health care; rather it is also caring for the co-workers. The purpose of this standard is that. It communicates the realm of nursing exercise within and outside the profession. Even it is published more importantly for the overall benefit of the Australian community, which consists of diverse range of culture and language groups (Cashin et. al, 2015). As the Australian Government is highly interested to provide heal th care service to every individual in Australia irrespective of economy, culture, gender or language, the standards are composed like that. It aimed at the wellbeing of multicultural population of the country. If the witnessing nurse guides the co-nurse to overcome depression instead of overlooking the matter, it will contribute to the communitys welfare. The standards for practice admit and communicate it to the nurse, which is followed strictly in Australia (Jeffery et. al, 2014). Specifically, in Standard 3, titled as Maintains the Capacity for Practice, states that the responsibility of a registered nurse is to ensure her safety and the proficiency for practice first and then respond when there is necessity for concern about the capability of practice of other healthcare professionals (Ossenberg, Henderson Dalton, 2015). Registered nurse should contribute to the professional development of herself as well as the growth of others. They not only look after her health and professional progress, but also contemplate and reciprocate the same for the other professionals in practice (Nursingmidwiferyboard.gov.au, 2017). Therefore, in this case, as the witnessing nurse is observing the chance of incapability of practice in a co-nurse due to depression and other fatal tendencies and which ultimately affects the job role of the nurse, the witnessing nurse should look into the matter with great concern (Cashin et. al, 2017). As the depression and related problems could affect the work of a nursing professional and cause great barrier to the development in her profession, it is a serious matter of concern. The reason for choosing this specific standard in this context is particular to the situation. The immediate action of the witnessing nurse has to respond to another co-nurses problem and provide necessary information about mental health issue to the sufferer. If the witnessing nurse responds to the specific problem of the colleague nurse, it will enhance the capacity of the work delivered and patient care and that ultimately help the wellbeing of the Australian community (O'connell, Gardner Coyer, 2014). Nurses have to face a number of ethical issues in their service. In the present case study, the nurse was faced with the ethical challenge of whether to inform other members of the team. Depression is an under-rated disease. The nurse should deal with care with such patient. It is the ethical duty of a nurse to think about the well-being of the people both physically and psychologically (Cashin et. al, 2017). However, it is also the duty of a nurse to inform the senior doctors about the condition of the patient. Nurse faces with the ethical dilemma of obtaining consent from the sufferer nurse. Mostly, the sufferer nurse feels hesitant to inform others about the condition (Nursingmidwiferyboard.gov.au, 2017). Another ethical implication is that the sufferer nurse should be careful about his own well-being. In the nursing training, there is a section where the mental health issues are addressed, however, the sufferer nurse could forget about this and is unable to identify this. Even she could be shy as people facing such issues are looked down with contempt and are not accepted by the society. The sufferer nurses might not want to acknowledge the fact that she is suffering from depression (Kleinpell et. al, 2014). The sufferer nurse should be aware of her health as she is responsible to work in a healthcare centre and provide treatment of illness to the other. As long as she would be unaware of her mental health condition, she projects an unethical notion in her profession (Nursingmidwiferyboard.gov.au, 2017). It can be concluded that the standard for practice in Australian nursing system is built in the context of multicultural society and it promises to deliver the health care to the every individual of the Australian community. A nurse should take care for other nurses along with the patients in the community and as well as her own health condition. It is like self-help and providing help to others as well. In this case, the sufferer nurse, who provides treatment to the other patient, is suffering from an illness. This matter should not be overlooked. It is the duty of the witnessing nurse to observe the fact and take actions immediately as this is the responsibility of every nurse (Kleinpell et. al, 2014). The standard will help the working professional to develop a healthier society. Therefore, every individual in the profession should contribute by doing her job perfectly. Therefore, the nurse who is showing the symptoms of depression and has talked about the suicide should be treated as a helpless patient. The responsibility of the witnessing nurse is to acknowledge the fact and treat her accordingly. The standard for practice has been developed by stating that. It will base on the care for individual nurse and co-nurses. By giving help to the co-nurse, the witnessing nurse contributes to the Australian society as well. References: Cashin, A., Buckley, T., Donoghue, J., Heartfield, M., Bryce, J., Cox, D., ... Dunn, S. V. (2015). Development of the nurse practitioner standards for practice Australia. Policy, Politics, Nursing Practice, 16(1-2), 27-37. Cashin, A., Heartfield, M., Bryce, J., Devey, L., Buckley, T., Cox, D., ... Fisher, M. (2017). Standards for practice for registered nurses in Australia.Collegian,24(3), 255-266. Grace, P. J. (2017).Nursing ethics and professional responsibility in advanced practice. Jones Bartlett Learning. Jahanpour, F., Khalili, A., Pouladi, S., Zoladl, M., Dehghanian, H. (2014). Construction and evaluation of nursing ethics questionnaire. Jeffery, C. A., Mitchell, M. L., Henderson, A., Lenthall, S., Knight, S., Glover, P., ... Groves, M. (2014). The value of best-practice guidelines for OSCEs in a postgraduate program in an Australian remote area setting.Rural and remote health,14(3), 2469-1. Kleinpell, R., Scanlon, A., Hibbert, D., Ganz, F., East, L., Fraser, D., ... Beauchesne, M. (2014). Addressing issues impacting advanced nursing practice worldwide.OJIN: Online J Issues Nurs,19(2), 5. Masters, K. (2015).Role development in professional nursing practice. Jones Bartlett Publishers. McCarthy, J., Gastmans, C. (2015). Moral distress: A review of the argument-based nursing ethics literature.Nursing Ethics,22(1), 131-152. Mikkonen, K., Kyngs, H., Kriinen, M. (2015). Nursing students experiences of the empathy of their teachers: a qualitative study.Advances in Health Sciences Education,20(3), 669-682. Nursingmidwiferyboard.gov.au. (2017).Nursing and Midwifery Board of Australia - Registered nurse standards for practice.Nursingmidwiferyboard.gov.au. Retrieved 23 August 2017, from https://www.nursingmidwiferyboard.gov.au/Codes-Guidelines-Statements/Professional-standards/registered-nurse-standards-for-practice.aspx O'connell, J., Gardner, G., Coyer, F. (2014). Beyond competencies: using a capability framework in developing practice standards for advanced practice nursing.Journal of advanced nursing,70(12), 2728-2735. Ossenberg, C., Henderson, A., Dalton, M. (2015). Determining attainment of nursing standards: The use of behavioural cues to enhance clarity and transparency in student clinical assessment.Nurse education today,35(1), 12-15. Parahoo, K. (2014).Nursing research: principles, process and issues. Palgrave Macmillan. Simmonds, A. (2013). Nursing ethics in everyday practice. Stuart, G. W. (2014).Principles and Practice of Psychiatric Nursing-E-Book. Elsevier Health Sciences. Vynckier, T., Gastmans, C., Cannaerts, N., de Casterl, B. D. (2015). Effectiveness of ethics education as perceived by nursing students: Development and testing of a novel assessment instrument.Nursing ethics,22(3), 287-306.

Science and Mathematics Instruction in the Philippines free essay sample

It is no doubt that there are students who have difficulty in these two subjects, even the researcher for herself have problems understanding Mathematics subjects like Algebra and Geometry but excels more on Science subjects like Biology and other Natural Science subjects. Now let us look into what is the importance of Science and Mathematics in the curriculum of the Philippine Education System, the goals and specific objectives, how can these subjects be learned in other settings not just in the school, and other instructional materials that can be utilized to enrich the teaching of Mathematics and Science. First let us define what Mathematics is, according to the Book of Popular Science (2005): it came from the Greek word â€Å"mathemata† meaning things that are learned, it is mentioned in the book that this may not seem to apply just to Mathematics but to other fields of knowledge. The reason for this is that Mathematics, the study of numbers and space in the time of Greeks also included the study of astronomy and music. We will write a custom essay sample on Science and Mathematics Instruction in the Philippines or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Now, let us recall what has been the general meaning of Science since we were in elementary; it is an organized body of knowledge or sometimes referred to as empirical or experiential knowledge. This organized body of knowledge is a field of systematic body of inquiry and deals with nature and natural phenomena that is why when a nationwide survey was done b y the Department of Education asking students â€Å"What is the most interesting subject in the school curriculum? † – Science has the most number of lines in the tally. There are many factors that could determine how a student can be interested in learning more about Mathematics and Science subjects, these factors can help students learn more about Mathematics and Science such as factors that could enrich the teaching of both subjects: (1) The school should provide an adequate working space for Science laboratories and provide Mathematics workbooks for students to practice on; (2) The teachers should be able to instruct and teach students according to the intensity of the subjects under the Mathematics and Science curriculum; (3) Teachers should be knowledgeable, skilled in a variety of teaching strategies, and can always inculcate values and the right attitude towards working; (4) The learning environment should always be orderly, comfortable and helpful for the students; (5) The learners must possess adequate mental maturity; positive traits paired with great interest on the subject, special talents, and well defined objectives for themselves towa rd the subject; (6) Students should have a big interest for accuracy, which is why experimentation and calculation is used in Mathematics and Science; (7) Functional thinking, logical thinking and quantitative thinking should also be possessed by students. These are aspects that could help in enriching Mathematics and Science learning and to further understand it, I will discuss the following in separate parts and will later dwell on the similarities and differences in: * Goals and Objectives of Mathematics and Science teaching * Instructional resources that can be used in the school in teaching Science * Strategies in Teaching Mathematics and; * Pragmatic Approach to Teaching Science The main question is why is there a need for Mathematics and Science instruction in Education? Both of these subjects has been an integral part of our educational system since the American regime, today it is also a basis for formal and vocational/technical courses that are offered nationwide. Media reports show that consumers tend to be influenced by advertisements rather than to read labels and in return they do not get what they should really get for their money, next is that many people still believe in horoscopes and fortune tellers rather than to explain events logically or scientifically, lastly is that even educated people or those with sufficient knowledge or educational background still fall for scams and sensationalized media reports. And as mentioned in the introduction: â€Å"Filipino students have low level of scientific and mathematics literacy. A large percentage cannot apply concepts to real life. yet in every goal in teaching Mathematics or Science is that after every lesson, students should be able to apply it on real life situations. Here are the goal and specific objectives of teaching Mathematics and Science in primary and secondary schools. GOAL AND OBJECTIVES OF MATHEMATICS AND SCIENCE TEACHING IN SCHOOLS First is why Mathematics instruction is needed, the researcher will further discuss the goals and objectives in teaching Mathematics for Philippine Elementary Schools. â€Å"GOAL: Demonstrate understanding and skills in computing with considerable speed and accuracy, estimating, communicating, thinking analytically and critically, and in solving problems in daily life using appropriate technology. †(DepEd, 2002) The above-mentioned is the goal for Philippine Elementary Schools in teaching Mathematics from pupils Grade One to Six, here are the following objectives and contents of Mathematics subjects that should be attained after the school year per Grade level: Grade I:The pupil is expected to show knowledge of central concepts and to carry out skills on â€Å"whole numbers up to one hundred including money and measurement† also to perform addition and subtraction of three digit numbers that can be applied to solve problems. Grade II:The pupil is expected to show knowledge of central concepts and to carry out skills on â€Å"whole numbers up to one thousand including basics in geometry† also to perform addition of three to four digit numbers and know basic details on multiplication and division that can be applied to solve problems. Grade III:The pupil is expected to show knowledge of central concepts and to carry out skills on â€Å"whole numbers up to one hundred thousand, f ractions, measurement and graphs† also to perform the four fundamental operations that can be applied to solve problems. Grade IV:The pupil is expected to show knowledge of central concepts and to carry out skills on â€Å"whole numbers up to million and billions, including money, decimals, fractions, geometry, graphs and scales† also to perform accurate and estimated computations of the four fundamental operations that can be applied to solve problems. Grade V:The pupil is expected to have mastered central concepts and to carry out skills on the fundamental operations on whole numbers, â€Å"demonstrate understanding of concepts and perform skills on fractions, decimals including money, ratio, percent, geometry, measurement and graphs† accurate and estimated computations of the four fundamental operations and rational numbers including money and measurement that can be applied to solve problems. Grade VI:The pupil is expected to have mastered central concepts and to carry out skills on the fundamental operations on whole numbers, â€Å"demonstrate understanding of concepts and perform skills on decimals, fractions, ratio and proportion, percent, integers, simple probability, geometry, measurement and graphs, integers† accurate and estimated computations of the four fundamental operations that involves decimals, money, fractions and measurement that can be applied to solve problems. The objectives and main goal for Mathematics teaching is clearly shown when you observe a Mathematics class in an elementary school and even when you observe your surroundings, in a store, in cooking, and in measuring things. These are the practical uses of Mathematics in our lives. The following are the goals of Science teaching that should serve as a guide in teaching Science lessons and conducting activities for students in Primary and Secondary Schools: 1. Develop scientific attitudes and values 2. Acquire skill in employing the scientific method 3. Gain functional knowledge and information 4. Arouse and sustain interest in future science-based pursuits 5. Develop desirable social attitudes There are differences and similarities in the goals and specific objectives of teaching Mathematics and Science to students. These are to instill the right attitude and values towards working on both of the subject matter. Even though Mathematics and Science are technical subjects and special bodies of knowledge, values are always included in dealing with both subjects.

Las Ferreterias de Mexico Essay Example

Las Ferreterias de Mexico Essay Introduction To find out whether or not Mr. Gonzales should implement the new compensation plan, we will initiate with a valuation of the proposed bonus plan that he is considering. This evaluation will include an analysis of the key decisions and the persons responsible for making the decision as well as a discussion of the proposed plan. Upon this analysis we will conclude whether it is a good idea to implement it and state our suggestions for a modification of the plan. Valuation of the proposed bonus plan Included in the new bonus plan are the store managers (SM), the regional managers (RM), and the corporate staff managers (CM). Not included are the CEO (Mr. Gonzalez) and the COO; their bonuses would be decided by the compensation committee of the board of directors. Furthermore all other employees not included in the plan would continue as before with a bonus in the range of 2%-5% of base salary. Each of the company’s 82 stores is operated by a SM, who has a lot of autonomy. The 82 store are organized into 9 geographical regions. The RMs are responsible for providing oversight and advice to the SMs, whom had little formal education. On the top of these two manager levels are the CMs, who are responsible for a range of centralized functions including purchasing, human resources, marketing, real estate, and investor relations. The proposed bonus plan consists of 4 million pesos plus 8 percent of the corporate income before bonuses and taxes in excess of 120 million pesos. The total bonus pool will be divided between the managers as following: SMs – 70%, RMs – 15%, and CMs – 15%. We will write a custom essay sample on Las Ferreterias de Mexico specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Las Ferreterias de Mexico specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Las Ferreterias de Mexico specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer This year, the bonus pool will amount to 8,498,400 million pesos (all calculations: cf. the calculations for the Whiz Kids questions on the last page), meaning that the bonus pool will be divided by the different manager levels as following: †¢Store Managers5,948,880. 00 million pesos †¢Regional Managers1,274,760. 00 million pesos †¢Corporate Staff Managers1,274,760. 00 million pesos The SMs’ bonus pool will be divided among the store managers based in their relative proportion of bonus units earned. The maximum number of bonus units are 6, with a lower cutoff level at 5% ROI and a upper cutoff level at 11% ROI. These cutoffs stipulate an acceptable minimum performance, while restricting superior performance. Denying bonuses for exceptionally good efforts can be justified by the fact that the performance results can be good luck. Moreover it, to a certain degree, ensures that the managers will not be myopic, which again ensures that the company will show a more steady performance improvement over time. Another reason for the upper cutoff level on the incentive payments might be a desire of not paying lower-level mangers more than upper level managers. In this case, a SM gets 72,547. 32 pesos in average, RMs get 141,640. 00 pesos, and CMs get 254,952. 00 pesos. A top-performing SM cannot earn more than 118,189. 68 pesos in bonus. This is less than the CM’s bonus, so in this case the upper cutoff definitely ensures that the lower-level managers cannot earn more than the upper-level managers. The bonus pools will be assigned to managers based on their entity’s ROI, given by following formula: ROI = (bonus eligible revenues – expenses) / total store investments. Using ROI as the central measurement of performance causes some problems: †¢Accounting profit does not reflect the total value of the company and is therefore not a completely fair method †¢Management myopia: a ROI-focus stimulate shortsightedness, and can undermine long-term focus, which may not be in the interest of the corporation †¢Suboptimization – it may not be in the interest of the enterprise that individual regions will focus solely on the success of themselves rather than on the overall success of the company †¢Regional differences in e. . investment prices, local expenses etc. All bonuses will be paid in cash as soon as financial statements have been prepared. Beside the problems of using ROI as the central measurement element we see following problems with the new incentive plan: †¢Not all people are motivated by cash payment. Furthermore, cash bonuses can generate durability issues, i. e. eople spent the money right away and quickly forget s the joy of having performed well †¢The reward is not timely, as it is not necessarily given upon successes, but when the financial statement has been prepared which in the end of the day may reduce the motivational effect †¢The geographical location also has an important role in determining the success of the different stores; some stores have more favorable locations than other, and therefore enjoy higher bonuses An issue is also whether or not all stores should have the same performance standards. On one hand, motivational incentives are highly individual, and preferences may vary greatly across the regions. Tailoring reward packages to the individual employee’s preferences will undoubtedly have the highest motivational effect, but will not keep the incentive system at the lowest possible cost. It is difficult to implement such a tailored plan due to the vast scope of the project: it will require a huge amount of analysis and date to map down differences. So even though the motivational effect might be higher for an individual tailored incentive program, a single strategy with common performance standards for all stores may be much easier and cost-efficient to implement. The new bonuses are greater than before, and should therefore stipulate improved operating efficiencies. Since ROI is the central element in calculating the bonuses, there is a risk of suboptimization, but since the bonus is partially determined through the corporate profit, the managers should also be concerned with the overall operating efficiency of the company. Ultimately an improvement within operating efficiency should lead to an increase in market shares. By tieing the rewards of the employees to the overall performance of the company, it would inevitably commit them – given that the employees have sufficient possibilities for influencing the results. In this case, the managers have a lot of responsibility and have many channels by which they can control and influence the results. Nevertheless, basing the bonuses partly on a group effort enforce cultural controls, as the employees are more alert of what their colleagues are doing, hence controlling whether they are working efficiently enough; â€Å"get to work; you’re hurting my profit sharing†. In this way, it makes good sense to base the bonuses on a proportion of corporate profit. Proposals for modification of the compensation plan The SMs have a lot of responsibility which is not corresponding to their level of education and their level of bonus. Compared to the RMs and CMs, who are better educated and have more experience, however, the bonus levels are fair. Thus it will be difficult to justify a higher bonus-level for the SMs, based on their current educational level. A possible solution will be to make a compulsory training program in finance and management. When the SMs have passed the courses, they will be qualified to receive a larger bonus. The training program will be an overall gain for the whole enterprise, since they will have more competent employees. So even though this extension does not make the incentive plan cheaper, it will be a gain for the company in the long run. Moreover, the further-training program will be personally satisfying for the managers. Another solution to what we see as the too-much responsibility-compared-to-bonus-problem, would be to enhance the upper cutoff level. Since Mr. Gonzales is concerned about the increased compensation expenses he should consider to lower the bonus pool and implement some non-monetary rewards, as they are often more motivating and durable. An example could be to recognize and communicate particular good performance throughout the company. An alternative idea to pay cash directly could be to reward the managers by some sort of stock option. This would further commit the managers to the company, and would probably be motivating since they have sufficient authority to influence the actual performance of the company. To find a solution for the personnel not included in the plan, i. e. store employees and regional sales and corporate purchasing staff, we suggest modifying the current discretionary bonus awards. Instead of Gonzales being responsible for giving these rewards, we suggest that this authority is delegated to the store managers and regional managers, respectively. These managers are in daily contact with the â€Å"neglected† employees, and it therefore seems more fair that they delegate the rewards. In this way the bonus system will be more motivating for the personnel. Whiz Kids Competition Number of managers% of bonus pool Store Managers:8270% Regional Managers:915% Corporate Managers:515% Bonus Pool 4. 000. 000+(8% of corporate income before taxes and bonuses in excess of 120000000) 4. 000. 000+(0,08*(176. 230. 000-120. 000. 000)) 8. 498. 400 The bonus pool is then divided between the different groups: Store Managers:70%*8. 498. 400= 5. 948. 880,00 Regional Managers:15%*8. 98. 400= 1. 274. 760,00 Corporate Managers:15%*8. 498. 400= 1. 274. 760,00 To find the average amount per manager we divide the pools by the number of managers in the specific group Store Managers:5. 948. 880/82= 72. 547,32 Regional Managers:1. 274. 760/9= 141. 640,00 Corporate Managers:1. 274. 760/5= 254. 952,00 The bonus pool for the top performing store managers : Total units in the bonus plan 6*1+9*2+11*3+20*4+15*5+8*6+4*6+3*6= 302,00 Average pay per unit:5. 948. 880/302= 19. 698,28 Store top performing managers (6 units)= 118,189,68

Heroin Addiction Essays

Heroin Addiction Essays Heroin Addiction Essay Heroin Addiction Essay Essay Topic: 8th Grade Harmonizing to The National Institute on Drug Abuse. diacetylmorphine is an illegal. extremely habit-forming drug. It is both the most abused and the most quickly moving of the opiates. Heroin is processed from morphia. a of course happening substance extracted from the seed cod of certain assortments of poppy workss. It is typically sold as a white or chocolate-brown pulverization or as the black gluey substance known on the streets as black pitch heroin . Although purer diacetylmorphine is going more common. most street diacetylmorphines iscut with other drugs or with substances such as sugar. amylum. powdered milk. or quinine. Street diacetylmorphines can besides be cut with strychnine or other toxicants. Because diacetylmorphine maltreaters do non cognize the existent strength of the drug or its true contents. they are at hazard of overdose or decease. Heroin besides poses particular jobs because of the transmittal of HIV and other diseases that can happen from sharing acerate leafs or other injection equipment. Harmonizing to the 2003 National Survey on Drug Use and Health. which may really undervalue illicit opiate ( diacetylmorphine ) usage. an estimated 3. 7 million people had used diacetylmorphine at some clip in their lives. and over 119. 000 of them reported utilizing it within the month predating the study. An estimated 314. 000 Americans used diacetylmorphine in the past twelvemonth. and the group that represented the highest figure of those users were 26 or older. The study reported that. from 1995 through 2002. the one-year figure of new diacetylmorphine users ranged from 121. 000 to 164. 000. During this period. most new users were age 18 or older ( on norm. 75 per centum ) and most were male. In 2003. 57. 4 per centum of past twelvemonth diacetylmorphine users were classified with dependance on or maltreatment of diacetylmorphine. and an estimated 281. 000 individuals received intervention for diacetylmorphine maltreatment. Harmonizing to the supervising the Future study. NIDA’s countrywide one-year study of drug maltreatment among the Nation’s 8th. 10th. and 12th graders. diacetylmorphine usage remained stable from 2003-2004. Lifetime diacetylmorphine usage measured 1. 6 per centum among the 8th graders and 1. 5 per centum among 10th- and 12th graders. The 2002 Drug Abuse Warning Network ( DAWN ) . which collects informations on drug related hospital exigency section ( ED ) episodes from 21 metropolitan countries. reported that in 2002. diacetylmorphine -related ED episodes numbered 93. 519. NIDA’s Community Epidemiology Work Group ( CEWG ) . which provides information about the nature and forms of drug usage in 21 countries. eported in its December 2003 publication that diacetylmorphine was mentioned as the primary drug of maltreatment for big parts of drug maltreatment intervention admittances in Baltimore. Boston. Detroit. Los Angeles. Newark. New York. and San Francisco. How is heroin used? Heroin is normally injected. sniffed/snorted. or smoked. Typically. a heroin maltreater may shoot up to four times a twenty-four hours. Intravenous injection provides the greatest strength and most rapid oncoming of euphory ( 7 to 8 seconds ) . while intramuscular injection produces a comparatively slow oncoming of euphory ( 5 to 8 proceedingss ) . When diacetylmorphine is sniffed or smoked. peak effects are normally felt within 10 to 15 proceedingss. NIDA research workers have confirmed that all signifiers of heroin disposal are habit-forming. Injection seems to be the prevailing method of diacetylmorphine usage among addicted users seeking intervention ; in many CEWG countries. diacetylmorphine injection is reportedly on the rise. while heroin inspiration is worsening. However. certain groups. such as White suburbanites in the Denver country. study smoke or inhaling diacetylmorphine because they believe that these paths of disposal are less likely to take to dependence. With the displacement in heroin maltreatment forms comes an even more diverse group of users. In recent old ages. the handiness of higher pureness diacetylmorphine ( which is more suited for inspiration ) and the lessenings in monetary values reported in many countries have increased the entreaty of diacetylmorphine for new users who are loath to shoot. Heroin has besides been looking in more flush communites ( omega ) . Harmonizing to the NDIA the immediate effects of diacetylmorphine ( the short term ) . shortly after injection ( or inspiration ) . diacetylmorphine crosses the blood-brain barrier. In the encephalon. diacetylmorphine is converted to norphine and binds quickly to opioid receptors. Abusers typically report a experiencing a rush of enjoyable sensation-a rush . The strength of the haste is a map oof how much drug is taken and how quickly the drug enters the encephalon and binds to the natural opioid receptors. Heroin is peculiarly habit-forming because it enters the encephalon so quickly. With diacetylmorphine. the haste is normally accompanied by a warm flushing of the tegument. dry oral cavity. and a heavy feeling in the appendages. which may be accompanied by sickness. emesis. and terrible itcing. After the initial effects. maltreaters normally will be drowsy for several hours. Mental map is clouded by heroin’s consequence on the nervous system. Cardiac map slows. Breathing is besides badly slowed. sometimes to the point of decease. Heroin overdose is a peculiar hazard on the street. where the sum and pureness of the drug can non be known. The long term effects of diacetylmorphine usage and the most damaging is addiction itself. Addiction is a chronic. get worsing disease. characterized by compulsive drug seeking and usage. and by neurochemical and molecular alterations in the encephalon. Heroin besides produces profound grades of tolerance and physical dependance. which are besides actuating factors for compulsive usage and maltreatment. As with maltreaters of any habit-forming drug. diacetylmorphine maltreaters bit by bit spend more and more clip and energy obtaining and utilizing the drug. Once they are addicted. the diacetylmorphine abuser’s primary intent in life becomes seeking and utilizing drugs. The drugs literally change their encephalons and their behaviour. Physical dependance develops with higher doses of the drug. With physical dependance. the organic structure adapts to the presence of the drug and backdown symptoms occur if usage is reduced suddenly. Withdrawal may happen within a few hours after the last clip the drug is taken. Symptoms of backdown include restlessness. musculus and bone hurting. insomnia. diarrhoea. purging. cold flashes with goose bumps ( cold Meleagris gallopavo ) . and leg motions. Major backdown symptoms peak between 24 and 48 hours after the last dosage of diacetylmorphine and subside after about a hebdomad. However. some people have shown persistant backdown marks for many months. Heroin backdown is neer fatal to otherwise healthy grownups. but it can do decease to the foetus of a pregnant nut. At some point during uninterrupted diacetylmorphine usage. a peson can go addicted to the drug. Sometimes addicted persons will digest many of the backdown symptoms to cut down their tolerance for the drug so that they can once more see the haste. Physical dependance and the outgrowth of backdown symptoms were one time believed to be the cardinal characteristics of heroin dependence. We now know this non to be the instance wholly. since craving and backsliding can happen hebdomads and months after backdown symptoms are long gone. We besides know that patients with chronic hurting who need opiates to map ( sometimes over drawn-out periods ) have few if any jobs go forthing opiates after their hurting is resolved by other agencies. This may be because the patient in hurting is merely seeking alleviation of hurting and non the haste sought by the nut. The Medical effects of chronic diacetylmorphine injection usage include scarred and/or collapsed venas. bacterial infections of the blood vass and bosom valves. abscesses ( furuncles ) and other soft –tissue infections. and liver or kidney disease. Lung complications ( including assorted types of pneumonia and TB ) may ensue from the hapless wellness status of the maltreater every bit good as from heroin’s dejecting effects on respiration. Many of the additives in street diacetylmorphine may include substances that do non ready dissolve and consequence in choke offing the blood vass that lead to the lungs. liver. kidneys. or encephalon. This can do infection or even decease of little spots of cells in critical variety meats. Immune reactions to these or other contaminations can do arthritis or rheumatologic jobs. Ofcourse. sharing of injection equipment or fluids can take to some of the most terrible effects of heroin abuse-infections with hepatitis B and C. HIV. and a host of other blood-borne viruses. which drug maltreaters can so go through on to their sexual spouses and kids.

Marx, Weber and Durkheim Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Marx, Weber and Durkheim - Essay Example From this research it is clear that  a profound reflection of some of the analytic conceptions and broad historical perspectives of Max Weber, it becomes lucid that he assimilated the conservative, liberal, and socialist elements to transform and integrate them into the complex pattern of his works. In fact, his cautionary critique against the apocalyptic social revolutionary predictions in Marx suggests that Weber opened himself to some of the influences from his opponents. Weber’s essential critique of Marx’s philosophy was the result of a thorough understanding of the various principles of Marxism. â€Å"Much of Weber's own work is of course informed by a skilful application of Marx's historical method. Weber, however, used this method as a ‘heuristic principle.’ As a view of world history, Marxism seemed to him an untenable monocausal theory and thus prejudicial to an adequate reconstruction of social and historical connections.†This paper outl ines that  Weber criticized the apocalyptic social revolutionary predictions in Marx which emphasize a segmental perspective with great significance while reducing the multiplicity of casual elements to a single-factor theorem. However, Weber did not directly attack historical materialism as completely wrong, but opposed its claim if establishing a single casual sequence.  Durkheim is another social critic who made pertinent contribution to the sociological perspectives of the period.